MARINE TECHNOLOGY

B. B. Emmanuel

GATEWAY INDUSTRIAL & PETRO-GAS INSTITUTE, ONI

GIPI ’s programme is to provide manpower for the Inland Waters and home trade by running courses for Inland Waters Navigation (Basic) and Inland Waters Navigation (Final) and meet requirements for mandatory courses for seafarers on home trade. Main Courses are:– - Four (4) months course with practical boat handling for Inland Water Navigation (Basic) - Four (4) months course with practical boat handling for Inland Water Navigation (Final) - The above leads to M. O. T. certificate of competency. - Trainees shall be admitted with WASC O/L minimum educational background.
	Marine Engineering Assistant (MEA) 12 Months Intensive Course At the end of every course, candidates will be able to be in charge of an inboard engine on board a tug boat, crew boat of 500 horse power engine. Be able to pass the Ministry of Transport “Marine Engineering Assistant (MEA) prescribed examination. Carry out repairs on a marine engine, having passed through workshop maintenance practice. Shall carry out the contents required and prescribed in the syllabus of Marine Engineering.
Additional Mandatory Courses: Fire Fighting: Basic fire fighting and fire prevention with reference to outbreak of fire onboard vessels. First Aid and CPR: Basic First Aid and Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), Emergency health management. Survival at Sea: Procedures for abandonment, water entries, control of hypothermia with reference to the effects of cold water on  human body Evacuation and survival circle. Rescue and life Saving:  Basic swimming and life techniques. Rescues operations and use of life saving appliances.

This course can put an end to unemployment in your life and put more than enough food on your table.

For admission and details visit our website www.gipi-ng.com or call B. B. Emmanuel on 08062451455

WELDING AND FABRICATION TECHNOLOGY

B. B. Emmanuel

GATEWAY INDUSTRIAL & PETRO-GAS INSTITUTE, ONI

The aim of welding skill training at the Gateway Industrial & Petro-Gas Institute is to teach the welding techniques and manipulative skills required for major welding processes. Welding technique is stressed above welding theory-as the trainees must be able to meet the welding performance demands of industry. Consequently, a minimum amount of course time (20%-30%) is spent on classroom lectures/discussions. The remaining time is used for supervised welding practice. The training program is tailored along the Nigeria Institute of Welding (NIW) and International Institute of Welding (IIW) standard. IIW was established to define guidelines for the education, training, qualification and certification of personnel involved in welding and NIW was empowered by Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation through Directive No.9 to conduct all certification programmes in all welding activities in line with Nigerian Content Directives of the NNPC in Nigeria. 

 

In order to meet the demand of the industries, the Institute has structured its welding training programme in line with the guidelines for International Welding Training Programme in the following welding and quality control techniques:

• SMAW- Shielded Metal Arc Welding
• GTAW- Gas-Tungsten Arc Welding
• GMAW- Gas-Metal Arc Welding
• NDT- Non Destructive Test
• Corrosion Control and coating

An additional technique called the Oxyfuel/Oxyacetylene gas cutting is also included in our welding programme to cater for maintenance welding and cutting. We also offer training in welding metallurgy, codes, inspection, drafting and weld design.

GENERAL COURSE CONTENT

Module A courses include:

Fillet welding practice, Fillet welding, Workshop Technology, Technical maths, Technical drawing, Welding safety, Survival Swimming, Communication skills.

Module B courses include:

Plate Welding practice, Plate welding, Workshop Technology 11, Technical maths, Gas welding, Engineering Drawing, Weldinng safety 11, Survival Swimming 11, Communication skills 11, Projects Costing.

Module C courses include:

Pipe welding practice, Pipe welding, MIG & TIG, Corrosion Control & Coating, NDT/QA&QC, Survival Swimming 111, Project Costing 11, Computer Aided Design.

Employment opportunities 

Graduates will be employed as welding practitioners in oil and gas, construction, manufacturing and process industries within and outside Nigeria.

Final Award

• GIPI Professional Diploma and National Diploma (Innovation) 
• Nigerian Institute of Welding Membership.

Duration

Twelve (12) Months

Entry Requirements

Open to applicants with the following:

WASC, ND, BSc./HND in Engineering and Sciences or its equivalent ,for the 9-12 months programme.

OND ,WASC, Trade Cert., C&G intermediate and Trade Test Certificate in Engineering and Sciences or its equivalent, for the 6 months programme. 

Applicants must be in good physical condition and also have good eyesight. We recommend that you have your vision tested and corrected, if necessary, before starting welding training.

Nature of Assessment

Welding trainees are assessed by a combination of methods including:

- Practical skill examinations

- Written test/assignments

- Attitude Evaluation

This course can put an end to unemployment in your life and put more than enough food on your table. For admission and details visit our website www.gipi-ng.com or call B. B. Emmanuel on 08062451455

PIPEFITTING AND PLUMBING DEPARTMENT

By B. B. Emmanuel

Gateway Industrial & Petro-Gas Institute, Oni.

The plumbing and pipe fitting course is designed to create an appreciation of the industry and develop professional skills within the plumbing and piping industry.

The programme is designed to produce capable and knowledgeable graduates in industrial and domestic water system, waste disposal and irrigation system. Trainees also acquire knowledge in oxy acetylene gas cutting, welding and brazing.

General Course Content

Module A courses include:

Plumbing Induction, Health and safety, Plumbing processes, Plumbing princiles, Pipe Fitting 1, Introducyiob to Gas Welding, Workshop Technology, Technical Drawing, Technical math, Swimming 1, Communication skills 1.

Module B courses include:

Sanitation system, Cold water system, Domestic Hot water system, Gas Welding 11, Pipe Fitting 11, Gas Cutting, Welding Safety 1, Engineering Drawing, Workshop Technology, Technical math 11, Survival Swimming 11, Project costing 1, Communication Skills 11.

Module C courses include:

Cold and Hot water system, component, Sheet metal weathering, Environmental Awareness, Gas and Bronze Welding, Plumbing Blue Print, Job Site Safety, Corrosion control and coating, Project costing 11, Survival Swimming 111, Computer Aided Design (CAD), Entrepreneurship. 

Employment Opportunities

Employment prospects are very high in the oil & gas, manufacturing, construction etc in addition to a range of roles in other public sector agencies

Final Award

GIPI Professional Diploma

Nigerian Institute of Welding-Student Membership

Duration

Twelve (12) months

Entry Requirements

Open to candidates with the following;

Minimum of WASC and its equivalent.

Nature of Assessment

Piping and Plumbing trainees are assessed by a combination of methods including:

- Practical skill examinations

- Written test/assignments

- Attitude 

Gas Installation Technology:

This course can put an end to unemployment in your life and put more than enough food on your table.

For admission and details visit our website www.gipi-ng.com or call B. B. Emmanuel on 08062451455

INSTRUMENTATION, MEASUREMENT & CONTROL TECHNOLOGY

By B. B. Emmanuel

Gateway Industrial & Petro-Gas Institute, Oni.

As Instrumentation and Automation is the heart of any modern process industry, there is need to equip the generation of students with the necessary skills to bridge the gap, the new trend of technology presents.

Skilled Instrumentation technician/engineer are proudly committed to offer the most sophisticated and extensive quality service, support and engineering capabilities in the field of process measurement and control, automation test & calibration. The need why the department was set up is to bridge the vacuum, as a result of this new trend of technology, to reduce the over-dependence on man-power.

In GIPI, the programme is designed to be of 12 months duration, that covers both theoretical and practical topics on Instrumentation, Measurement & Control including 6 months of Industrial Training leading to the award of Professional Diploma in Instrumentation, Measurement & Control Technology.

This course can put an end to unemployment in your life and put more than enough food on your table.

For admission and details visit our website www.gipi-ng.com or call B. B. Emmanuel on 08062451455

Economy of Nigeria

Wuse district, Abuja

Nigeria is classified as a mixed economy emerging market, and has already reached lower middle income status according to the World Bank, with its abundant supply of natural resources, well-developed financial, legal, communications, transport sectors and stock exchange (the Nigerian Stock Exchange), which is the second largest in Africa.

Nigeria was ranked 30th in the world in terms of GDP (PPP) in 2012. Nigeria is the United States' largest trading partner in sub-Saharan Africa and supplies a fifth of its oil (11% of oil imports). It has the seventh-largest trade surplus with the US of any country worldwide. Nigeria is the 50th-largest export market for US goods and the 14th-largest exporter of goods to the US. The United States is the country's largest foreign investor. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) projected economic growth of 9% in 2008 and 8.3% in 2009. The IMF further projects an 8% growth in the Nigerian economy in 2011.

February 2011: According to Citigroup, Nigeria will get the highest average GDP growth in the world between 2010–2050. Nigeria is one of two countries from Africa among 11 Global Growth Generators countries.

Previously, economic development had been hindered by years of military rule, corruption, and mismanagement. The restoration of democracy and subsequent economic reforms have successfully put Nigeria back on track towards achieving its full economic potential. As of 2014 it is the largest economy in Africa, having overtaken South Africa.

During the oil boom of the 1970s, Nigeria accumulated a significant foreign debt to finance major infrastructural investments. With the fall of oil prices during the 1980s oil glut Nigeria struggled to keep up with its loan payments and eventually defaulted on its principal debt repayments, limiting repayment to the interest portion of the loans. Arrears and penalty interest accumulated on the unpaid principal which increased the size of the debt.

After negotiations by the Nigeria authorities, in October 2005 Nigeria and its Paris Club creditors reached an agreement in which Nigeria repurchased its debt at a discount of approximately 60%. Nigeria used part of its oil profits to pay the residual 40%, freeing up at least $1.15 billion annually for poverty reduction programmes. Nigeria made history in April 2006 by becoming the first African Country to completely pay off its debt (estimated $30 billion) owed to the Paris Club.

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Nigeria Facts

• The official name of Nigeria is the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

• Nigeria is located in West Africa, it shares a land boarder with Benin, Chad, Cameroon, and Niger.

• The total land mass of Nigeria is 923,768 km² (356,669 mi²), which makes it the world's 32nd-largest country by land mass.

• The British colonised Nigeria in the late 19th century through to 1960 when Nigeria became independent.

• Nigeria is a member of both the British Commonwealth and the African Union.

• Nigeria has a population of nearly 175 million people (174,507,539) as of July 2013, making it the most populous country in Africa, and the 7th most populous country in the world.

• The largest city in Nigeria is Lagos with an estimated population of around 21 million people.

• The capital city is of Nigeria is Abuja, which was planned out and then built in the 1980s, officially replacing Lagos as the capital in 1991.

• Nigeria has over 250 ethnic groups, the three largest of which are the Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba and Igbo.

• The currency of Nigeria is called the Naira.

• English is the official language of Nigeria, and is used in education, business and for official purposes. In rural areas, indigenous languages of Yoruba and Igbo are more commonly spoken. There are also many other minority languages.

• The highest point in Nigeria is the mountain Chappal Waddi at 2,419 m (7,936 ft).

• The Benue River and the Niger River (which the country was named after) are the largest rivers in Nigeria, they join and empty into the large Niger Delta.

• Poor healthcare, living conditions and a lack of access to good water means Nigeria has a low general standard of living. The life expectancy is on average just 52 years.

• Nigeria has high levels of oil reserves and relies a lot on crude oil exports.

• Football (soccer) is popular in Nigeria, the national team known as the "Super Eagles" have made 5 appearances at the World Cup, won the African Cup of Nations 3 times and won the football gold medal at the 1996 Olympics.

• Nigeria's national basketball team qualified for the 2012 Olympics and the country has exported a number of players to America's NBA including Hakeem Olajuwon.

SUBDIVISIONS OF NIGERIA

Major cities
City	Population
Lagos	7,937,932
Kano	3,848,885
Ibadan	3,078,400
Kaduna	1,652,844
Port Harcourt	1,320,214
Benin City	1,051,600
Maiduguri	1,044,497
Zaria	1,018,827

Nigeria is divided into thirty-six states and one Federal Capital Territory, which are further sub-divided into 774 Local Government Areas(LGAs). The plethora of states, of which there were only three at independence, reflect the country's tumultuous history and the difficulties of managing such a heterogeneous national entity at all levels of government. In some contexts, the states are aggregated into six geopolitical zones: North West, North East, North Central, South East, South South, and South West.

Nigeria has six cities with a population of over 1 million people (from largest to smallest: Lagos, Kano, Ibadan, Kaduna, Port Harcourt, and Benin City). Lagos is the largest city in sub-Saharan Africa, with a population of over 8 million in its urban area alone. However, these figures are regularly disputed in Nigeria.

A clickable map of Nigeria exhibiting its 36 states and the federal capital territory. States Anambra Enugu Akwa Ibom Adamawa Abia Bauchi Bayelsa Benue Borno Cross River Delta Ebonyi Edo Ekiti Gombe Imo Jigawa Kaduna Kano Katsina Kebbi Kogi Kwara Lagos Nasarawa Niger Ogun Ondo Osun Oyo Plateau Rivers Sokoto Taraba Yobe Zamfara Federal Capital Territory Abuja wikipedia

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES IN NIGERIA

Nigeria's Delta region, home of the large oil industry, experiences serious oil spills and other environmental problems, which has caused conflict.

Waste management including sewage treatment, the linked processes of deforestation and soil degradation, and climate change or global warming are the major environmental problems in Nigeria. Waste management presents problems in a mega city like Lagos and other major Nigerian cities which are linked with economic development, population growth and the inability of municipal councils to manage the resulting rise in industrial and domestic waste. This huge waste management problem is also attributable to unsustainable environmental management lifestyles of Kubwa Community in the Federal Capital Territory, where there are habits of indiscriminate disposal of waste, dumping of waste along or into the canals, sewerage systems that are channels for water flows, etc.

Haphazard industrial planning, increased urbanisation, poverty and lack of competence of the municipal government are seen as the major reasons for high levels of waste pollution in major Nigerian cities. Some of the 'solutions' have been disastrous to the environment, resulting in untreated waste being dumped in places where it can pollute waterways and groundwater.

In 2005 Nigeria had the highest rate of deforestation in the world, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). In 2005 12.2%, the equivalent of 11,089,000 hectares had been forested in Nigeria. Between 1990 and 2000, Nigeria lost an average of 409,700 hectares of forest every year equal to an average annual deforestation rate of 2.38%. Between 1990 and 2005, in total Nigeria lost 35.7% of its forest cover, or around 6,145,000 hectares.

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THE GEOGRAPHY OF NIGERIA

A map of Nigeria.

Nigeria is located in western Africa on the Gulf of Guinea and has a total area of 923,768 km² (356,669 sq mi), making it the world's 32nd-largest country (after Tanzania). It is comparable in size to Venezuela, and is about twice the size of California. It shares a 4,047-kilometre (2,515 mi) border with Benin (773 km), Niger (1497 km), Chad (87 km), Cameroon (1690 km), and has a coastline of at least 853 km. Nigeria lies between latitudes 4° and 14°N, and longitudes 2° and 15°E.

The Zuma Rock near Suleja

The highest point in Nigeria is Chappal Waddi at 2,419 m (7,936 ft). The main rivers are the Niger and the Benue, which converge and empty into the Niger Delta. This is one of the world's largest river deltas, and the location of a large area of Central African Mangroves.

Nigeria has a varied landscape. The far south is defined by its tropical rainforest climate, where annual rainfall is 60 to 80 inches (1,524 to 2,032 mm) a year. In the southeast stands the Obudu Plateau. Coastal plains are found in both the southwest and the southeast. This forest zone's most southerly portion is defined as "salt water swamp," also known as a mangrove swamp because of the large amount of mangroves in the area. North of this is fresh water swamp, containing different vegetation from the salt water swamp, and north of that is rain forest.

Nigeria's most expansive topographical region is that of the valleys of the Niger and Benue river valleys (which merge into each other and form a "y" shape). To the southwest of the Niger is "rugged" highland. To the southeast of the Benue are hills and mountains, which form the Mambilla Plateau, the highest plateau in Nigeria. This plateau extends through the border with Cameroon, where the montane land is part of the Bamenda Highlands of Cameroon.

The area near the border with Cameroon close to the coast is rich rainforest and part of the Cross-Sanaga-Bioko coastal forestsecoregion, an important centre for biodiversity. It is habitat for the drill monkey, which is found in the wild only in this area and across the border in Cameroon. The areas surrounding Calabar, Cross River State, also in this forest, are believed to contain the world's largest diversity of butterflies. The area of southern Nigeria between the Niger and the Cross Rivers has lost most of its forest due to development and harvesting by increased population, with it being replaced by grassland (see Cross-Niger transition forests).

Everything in between the far south and the far north, is savannah (insignificant tree cover, with grasses and flowers located between trees). Rainfall is more limited, to between 500 and 1,500 millimetres (20 and 60 in) per year. The savannah zone's three categories are Guinean forest-savanna mosaic, Sudan savannah, and Sahel savannah. Guinean forest-savanna mosaic is plains of tall grass interrupted by trees. Sudan savannah is similar but with shorter grasses and shorter trees. Sahel savannah consists of patches of grass and sand, found in the northeast. In the Sahel region, rain is less than 500 millimetres (20 in) per year and the Sahara Desert is encroaching. In the dry north-east corner of the country lies Lake Chad, which Nigeria shares with Niger, Chad and Cameroon.

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NIGERIA MILITARY

Ship House, Defense Headquarters

The Nigerian Military are charged with protecting The Federal Republic of Nigeria, promoting Nigeria's global security interests, and supporting peacekeeping efforts especially in West Africa. This is in support of the doctrine sometimes called Pax Nigeriana.

The Nigerian Military consist of an army, a navy, and an air force. The military in Nigeria have played a major role in the country's history since independence. Various juntas have seized control of the country and ruled it through most of its history. Its last period of rule ended in 1999 following the sudden death of former dictator Sani Abacha in 1998. His successor, Abdulsalam Abubakar, handed over power to the democratically elected government of Olusegun Obasanjo in 1999.

As Africa's most populated country, Nigeria has repositioned its military as a peacekeeping force on the continent. Since 1995, the Nigerian military, through ECOMOG mandates, have been deployed as peacekeepers in Liberia (1997), Ivory Coast (1997–1999), Sierra Leone 1997–1999. Under an African Union mandate, it has stationed forces in Sudan's Darfur region to try to establish peace.

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